Pneumococcal polysaccharide 23-valent vaccine: Long-term persistence of circulating antibody and immunogenicity and safety after revaccination in adults

► Antibody levels after PPSV23 in adults persist ≥5-10 years in most studies. ► The few exceptions involve non-ambulatory adults or host-factor issues. ► Revaccination 5-10 years later consistently increases antibody levels. ► Injection-site reactions are more common after PPSV23 revaccination. ► Literature supports the utility of routine pneumococcal revaccination.