Polymorphisms in key innate immune genes and their effects on measles vaccine responses and vaccine failure in children from Mozambique

► We investigated the impact of innate immunity genes on measles vaccine responses. ► We used a unique case/control cohort of measles-vaccinated children from Mozambique. ► Our results contrast previous associations identified in Caucasians. ► We found CD46 and TLR8 polymorphisms associated with measles vaccine failure. ► Our study also highlights the difficulty in defining measles vaccine failure cases.