Distribution, diversity and drivers of blood-borne parasite co-infections in Alaskan bird populations

- We model associations between bioclimatic drivers and prevalence of co-infections.
- Temperature, precipitation and tree cover are associated with co-infections.
- Co-infection distribution is not solely driven by latitude and bioclimatic factors.
- Leucocytozoons have the highest diversity and prevalence of co-infection in Alaska.
- Co-infections vary according to which parasite groups contribute to the infection.