Spray printing and optimization of anodes and cathodes for high performance Li-Ion batteries

Electrochemical behavior of layer-by-layer spray printed electrodes was investigated based on lithium titanate anodes and lithium iron phosphate cathodes to quantify the best structural functionalities and combinations and then to establish basic design rules of printable electrode systems. The parameters investigated were: (1) minimizing inactive fractions; (2) quantifying the calendaring effect; (3) comparative performances of identical spray printed and slurry cast electrodes; (4) optimizing the conductivity enhancers; (5) investigating electrode thickness-dependent properties; and (6) balancing LTO:LFP capacities in full-cell battery systems.154