Antecedents of closed-loop supply chain in emerging economies: A conceptual framework using stakeholder's perspective

More recently, firms embark on many initiatives for sustainability. Closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) is an initiative that extends the scope of value creation through product reconstruction activity. The process of product reconstruction includes acquisition of the used products from customers, recovering their residual value, and remarketing them. The aim of this research is to propose a conceptual framework, discussing the major threats and opportunities for business firms engaged in a CLSC operation. For this, a structured literature review was conducted, followed by content analysis to identify different themes and patterns in the literature. Our results suggest that there are seven driving forces for closed-loop supply chain. The proposed conceptual framework serves as a decision making tool and intends to help both academicians and practitioners as it highlights major research issues in this field. Finally, managerial implications and future research directions are outlined.