Frequency control using loads and generators capacity in power systems with a high penetration of renewables

High penetration of renewables in power systems would decrease the inertia and frequency control reserve. Hence, preserving the frequency stability of power systems with high penetration of renewables is a challenge. In this paper, a comprehensive frequency control scheme is proposed which uses the capacity of both loads and online generating units coordinately. To preserve the frequency stability while the generating units maneuvering and costumers' inconvenience are minimized, tuning the parameters of the proposed frequency control scheme has been modeled as two multi-objective optimization problems with appropriate objective functions. A proper method has been proposed for solving the optimization problems which is successful in obtaining solutions that guarantee achieving the goals determined for the frequency control scheme. The proposed scheme enables the system operator to optimally manage the frequency control reserve provided by loads and online generating units. Presented results certify that, as decreasing the inertia of the system does not have a considerable impact on the proposed frequency control scheme, it is a good choice to be implemented in power systems with high penetration of renewables.