| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11021953 | Journal of Orthopaedic Science | 2018 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
The efficacy of morphine added to PMDI was limited, and that of morphine added to spinal anesthesia disappeared within 20Â h postoperatively. Adding morphine to PMDI or spinal anesthesia did not improve functional recovery and caused some adverse effects.
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Authors
Seiya Miyamoto, Takehiko Sugita, Toshimi Aizawa, Naohisa Miyatake, Akira Sasaki, Ikuo Maeda, Masayuki Kamimura, Atsushi Takahashi,