Physicochemical characterisation of β-chitosan from Sepioteuthis lessoniana gladius

•β-Chitin and chitosan isolated from squid pens which was thrown as waste.•Moisture, ash & metal content was analyzed.•β-Chitosan was characterised through FT-IR, NMR, XRD, DSC & SEM.•Molecular weight and degree of deacetylation was determined.•β-Chitosan from squid pen was superior in quality than commercial chitosan.

β-Chitin and its chitosan from the gladius of Sepioteuthis lessoniana have been isolated, purified, characterised and compared with the commercial chitosan. Ash, moisture, mineral, metal and elemental content were analyzed using standard techniques. The optical activity of chitin was found to be levorotatory. The degree of deacetylation was calculated by potentiometric titration and 1H NMR. Viscosity average molecular weight of β-chitosan was calculated by viscometry and size average molecular weight by GPC. The structure of β-chitosan was elucidated with FT-IR and NMR. Thermal nature, crystalline structure and morphology of β-chitosan were characterised through DSC, XRD and SEM, respectively. The water and fat binding capacity of β-chitosan presently studied was significantly higher than that of the commercial chitosan. The result of the present study adds that S. lessoniana gladius is also an additional source of β-chitin and chitosan of higher yield, lower molecular weight and higher degree of deacetylation.