| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1199043 | Journal of Chromatography A | 2016 | 9 Pages |
•Zinc content showed a significant decreasing from colostrum to mature breast milk.•Zn content in commercial formulas was over the minimum recommended level.•Zinc is associated mainly to immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG in human milk) and citrate.•Development of zinc-fortified formulas with different speciation is recommended.
This paper summarises results of zinc content and its speciation in human milk from mothers of preterm and full-term infants at different stages of lactation and from synthetic formula milks. Human milk samples (colostrum, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after delivery) from Spanish and Brazilian mothers of preterm and full-term infants (and also formula milks) were collected. After adequate treatment of the sample, total Zn was determined, while speciation analysis of the Zn was accomplished by size exclusion chromatography coupled online with the ICP-MS.It is observed that total zinc content in human milk decreases continuously during the first month of lactation, both for preterm and full term gestations. All infant formulas analysed for total Zn were within the currently legislated levels. For Zn speciation analysis, there were no differences between preterm and full term human milk samples. Moreover Zn species elute mainly associated with immunoglobulins and citrate in human milk whey. Interestingly the speciation in formula milk whey turned out to be completely different as the observed Zn2+ was bound almost exclusively to low molecular weight ligands (citrate) and only comparatively very low amounts of the metal appeared to be associated with higher mass biomolecules (e.g. proteins).
