Capillary electrochromatography of inorganic cations in open tubular columns with a controllable capacity multilayered stationary phase architecture

In this paper capillary electrochromatography of alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations in open tubular capillary columns is described. Capillary columns are prepared by coating fused silica capillaries of 75 μm I.D. with poly(butadiene-maleic acid) copolymer (PBMA) in multiple layers. Thermally initiated radical polymerization is used to crosslink the stationary phase. Capillary columns with different number of stationary phase layers can be prepared and allow for the adjustment of separation selectivity in the electrochromatographic mode. Fast and sensitive separations of common inorganic cations are achieved in less than 6 min in a 60 cm capillary column with on-column capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector. Limits of detection (S/N = 3) for the determination of alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations range from 0.3 to 2.5 μM and repeatability is better than 0.5, 4.5 and 6.1% for migration times, peak heights and peak areas, respectively.