A simple and fast extraction method for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in small volumes of avian serum

A solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed using 8 M urea to desorb and extract organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from avian serum for analysis by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC–ECD). The analytes were efficiently extracted from the denatured serum–lipoprotein–analyte complex by one passage through an Oasis® hydrophilic–lipophilic-balanced (HLB) SPE cartridge. No further clean-up was necessary, the entire extraction procedure and GC–ECD analysis can be accomplished in less than 3 h. Serum volumes ranged from 100 μL to 1 mL with absolute recoveries of 90–101% for PCBs and 74% to 101% for the OC pesticides.