Extraction and determination of trace amounts of chlorpromazine in biological fluids using hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography

In the present work, hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) in conjunction with reversed-phase HPLC/UV was developed for extraction and determination of trace amounts of chlorpromazine in biological fluids. The drug was extracted from an 11 ml aqueous sample (source phase; SP) into an organic phase impregnated in the pores of the hollow fiber (membrane phase; MP) followed by the back-extraction into a second aqueous solution (receiving phase; RP) located in the lumen of the hollow fiber. The effects of several factors such as the nature of organic solvent, compositions of SP and RP solutions, extraction time, ionic strength and stirring rate on the extraction efficiency of the drug were examined and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, enrichment factor of 250, dynamic linear range of 1–500 μg l−1, and limit of detection of 0.5 μg l−1 were obtained for the drug. The percent relative intra-day and inter-day standard deviation (R.S.D.%) based on three replicate determinations were 6.7 and 10.3%, respectively. The method was applied to drug level monitoring in the biological fluids and satisfactory results were obtained.