Porcine follicular fluids: Comparison of solid-phase extraction and matrix solid-phase dispersion for the GC–MS determination of hormones during follicular growth

The capabilities of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) for the determination of the hormones 17β-estradiol, 2-hydroxyestradiol, 4-hydroxyestradiol and 2-methoxyestradiol by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in a very complex matrix like porcine follicular fluids were compared, thus proving the highest effectiveness of the SPE technique. Validation was carried out in terms of limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision, accuracy, recovery and stability. LOQ values in the low μg kg−1 were achieved, with all the other parameters satisfying the acceptance criteria for the validation of bioanalytical methods. The applicability of the method to the determination of the hormones in porcine follicular fluids was demonstrated, thus allowing to observe an increase of the concentration of the hormones during the follicular growth.