Common methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine and related compounds II. Capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance

Amphetamine (AM) group and related ring-substituted substances are generally synthetic compounds, belonging to one of the most heavily abused drug groups in recent years. Some compounds in this class also originate from plants. Analysis of the enantiomers of AM-type compounds and metabolites is extremely important for a number of scientific disciplines. From studies of biological activity or mechanisms through determination of precursor molecules in a criminal investigation all use analytical procedures.This article reviews capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance as among the most common, useful methods for the chiral determination of AMs and AM-derived designer drugs in different matrices, including blood, hair, urine, and medicaments. Papers published in the last 15 years were considered including commonly used types of chiral derivatization reagent and chiral stationary phase. Tables summarize basic information about conditions and reference data of each procedure. Other methods (e.g., gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography) were described in Part I [Trends Anal. Chem. 30 (2011) 1139].