Optical immunosensing of effective cardiac biomarkers on acute myocardial infarction

•We introduce novel optical immunosensors for cardiac biomarkers.•We discuss recent advances in optical immunosensing of cardiac biomarkers.•We discuss multiplex optical immunosensors for detection of cardiac biomarkers.•We discuss the most serious problems in optical immunosensing of cardiac biomarkers.

This review describes:•the advantages of examples of optical methods used in immunosensing of cardiac biomarkers and their reported applications, stressing their potential for future developments;•evaluation of some progress toward viable cardiac-biomarker measurements for detection and diagnostics of myocardial infarction; and,•trends in the development of optical immunosensors, including integrated immunosensors, and the application of nanotechnology and microfluidic technology.