High-throughput solid-phase microextraction in multi-well-plate format

This review summarizes different formats of high-throughput, multi-well, solid-phase microextraction (SPME), including fiber, thin-film and in-tip configurations, with the particular focus on its fit within regulated analysis.New developments of the devices, such as monolithic and biocompatible extraction phases, are covered. Finally, selected applications of the technique, including the analysis of whole-blood samples and automated binding studies, are presented.

► Recent strategies for automation of SPME in multi-well plate format are described. ► Automated 96-well SPME provides the highest throughput of SPME to date. ► Best configuration of automated SPME critically depends on the application objectives. ► Whole blood and waste effluents are directly compatible with no sample pre-treatment required. ► Monolithic and biocompatible coatings address the historical limitations of SPME.