Spectroscopic evaluation of human tear lipids

Infrared and fluorescence spectroscopies were applied to characterize the molecular conformational/structure and dynamics of human meibum (ML) and tear lipids (SSL). ML lipids contained more CC and CH3 moieties than SSL. SSL contained OH groups that were not apparent in the spectra of ML. The CO stretching band observed in the infrared spectra of SSL and ML revealed that the CO groups are not involved in hydrogen bonds. Bands due to the polar moieties CO and PO2− did not change significantly with increasing temperature, suggesting that they may not play an appreciable thermodynamic role in the lipid hydrocarbon chain phase transition. Components in tears bind to SSL and exclude water at the water–lipid boundary where the polar headgroups of phospholipids are located. If similar interactions occur in vivo at the tear film lipid–aqueous interface, they would reduce the rate of evaporation. The results provide a foundation for future studies to assess possible differences with age and sex in tears from normal and dry eye subjects.