Nano-size multiple metal oxide anode electrodes synthesized from layered double hydroxides — Electrochemical reaction mechanism and surface morphology change during reaction with lithium ion

•By the introduction of V5 + ion, Ni–V multiple metal oxide showed higher anodic current in lower voltage than nickel oxide.•Two step reaction, surface film formation above 1.0 V and formation of lithium oxide and nano size metal particles below 1.0 V, was indicated.•From the result of surface observation by SEM, two step reaction mechanism was conformed.

Electrochemical properties of nano-size Ni–V, Ni–Fe and Mg–Fe multiple metal oxides, prepared from layered double hydroxides as precursors, for the anode electrode of lithium battery has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, AC-impedance and ex-situ by SEM observation. In the CV curves of N–V multiple metal oxide, it became clear that the reaction voltage of vanadium–nickel oxide system shifted to lower voltage than non-dope NiO. AC-impedance and the morphology observation results that the electrochemical reaction of multiple metal oxides with lithium ion proceeds via the two-step reaction: the surface film formation above 1.0 V and the subsequent conversion reaction below 1.0 V.