The study of novel multi-doped spinel Li1.15Mn1.96Co0.03Gd0.01O4 + δ as cathode material for Li-ion rechargeable batteries

Novel spinel Li1.15Mn1.96Co0.03Gd0.01O4 + δ was synthesized by high temperature solid-state reaction method. The product was identified as well-defined spinel phase by X-ray diffraction (XRD); the SEM images illustrated that the particle distribution was well-proportioned. The initial special capacity was 126.5 and 128.1 mAh g− 1 at 25 and 50 °C. The fading rate was 0.017% and 0.098% per cycle under 0.5 °C at 25 and 50 °C, respectively. The results showed that Li1.15Mn1.96Co0.03Gd0.01O4 + δ displayed excellent capacity and cycleability.