Application of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles@MOFs

•The methods for the preparation of metal and metal/oxide nanoparticles@MOFs are illustrated.•The different applications of metal and metal/oxide nanoparticles with MOFs are described.•New emerging trends in MOF composites and related challenges are disclosed.

Composites based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of porous materials that have been shown to possess unique functional properties. Nanoparticles@MOFs composites combine the tailorable porosity of MOFs with the versatile functionality of metal or metaloxide nanoparticles. A wide range of nanoparticles@MOFs have been synthesised and their performance characteristics assessed in molecular adsorption and separation, catalysis, sensing, optics, sequestration of pollutants, drug delivery, and renewable energy. This review covers the main research areas where nanoparticles@MOFs have been strategically applied and highlights the scientific challenges to be considered for their continuing development.