Synergistic effects induced by oxy-fluorination of carbon preforms to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon–carbon composites

Oxy-fluorination of carbon preforms with various F2:O2 gas mixtures were examined to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composites (C/C composites). The oxy-fluorination of the preforms introduced functional groups onto the preform surface, which improved their thermal properties. Oxy-fluorination also improved the interfacial adhesion of the C/C composites, resulting in increased flexural strength and anti-oxidation. Two synergistic effects of oxy-fluorination on the carbon preform are suggested. One optimizes interfacial adhesion by forming hard chemical bonds and soft electrophilic bonds between the surface functional groups of the oxy-fluorinated carbon preforms and the functional groups of the carbon precursors. The other improves anti-oxidation of the C/C composites by improving the thermal properties of the carbon preform itself and interfacial adhesion which resulted in reducing pores, voids, and interfacial cracks.

Graphical abstractOxy-fluorination of carbon preforms with various F2:O2 mixture gas ratios improved flexural strength of the C/C composites, suggesting the interfacial adhesion between carbon matrix and carbon preform also improved.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideResearch highlights► Oxy-fluorination improved flexural strength of the C/C composites. ► Oxy-fluorination improved thermal properties of carbon preforms. ► Oxy-fluorination improved anti-oxidation properties of the C/C composites.