Chemical constituents from the petioles and leaves of Aquilaria sinensis

•We studied the chemical constituents of Aquilaria sinensis and obtained nineteen compounds.•The structures of compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.•The obtained constituents showed the relationships between A. sinensis and some plants of Aquilaria genus.

Nineteen reported compounds (1–19) were obtained from the dried petioles and leaves of Aquilaria sinensis (Thymelaeacea) by phytochemical methods. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Among them, compounds 6–14 and 16 were firstly obtained from the genus Aquilaria, 2 and 3 were obtained from A. sinensis for the first time. In addition, the chemotaxonomic relationships between A. sinensis and some other plants were also discussed.