Diterpenes and kawalactone from the rhizomes of Amomum uliginosum J.Koenig

•First report of 7 compounds isolated from Amomum uliginosum J.Koenig and chemotaxonomic significance.•First report of 6 compounds in the genus Amomum.•First report of kawalactone in the genus Amomum.•Secondary report of bisnorlabdane diterpene in the genus Amomum.

Seven compounds, including three labdane diterpenes (1, 4, 6), one bisnorlabdane diterpene (2), one steroid (3), one sesquiterpene (5) and one kawalactone (7) were isolated from the rhizomes of Amomum uliginosum J.Koenig. Compounds 1–4, 6 and 7 were firstly isolated from the genus Amomum. This work represented the first phytochemical study on this plant. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was summarized.