| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1390400 | Carbohydrate Research | 2012 | 5 Pages |
The conversion of d-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on a 1 mmol scale was achieved in good yield (68%) using NH4Cl as catalyst in isopropanol at 120 °C. About 3% of 5-i-propoxymethylfurfural was formed. The reaction in ethanol at 100 °C on a 10 g scale gave a total yield of HMF and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural of 42%. No mineral acid such as H2SO4 and HCl are required.
Graphical abstract5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives can be obtained in good yields through the dehydration of d-fructose catalyzed by NH4Cl in a separation-friendly solvent.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► NH4Cl was used to promote the dehydration of fructose in alcohols. ► No mineral acids such as HCl or H2SO4 are required. ► The reactions are prone for scale up.
