β-Lapachone analogs with enhanced antiproliferative activity

In this study, we describe the synthesis of a series of α- and β-lapachone containing hydroxyl or methoxyl groups on the benzene ring, by means of the selective acid promoted cyclization of the appropriate lapachol analog. The evaluation of the antiproliferative activity in human solid tumor cell lines provided 7-hydroxy-β-lapachone as lead with enhanced activity over the parent drug β-lapachone. Cell cycle studies, protein expression experiments, and reactive oxygen species analysis revealed that, similarly to β-lapachone, ROS formation and DNA damage are critical factors in the cellular toxicity of 7-hydroxy-β-lapachone.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Lapachol analogs were submitted to selective acid promoted cyclization. ► All resultant compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities. ► 7-Hydroxy-β-lapachone showed 10 fold more active than β-lapachone. ► ROS formation and DNA damage are critical factors in the cytotoxic activity.