Synthesis of novel substituted 1,3-diaryl propenone derivatives and their antimalarial activity in vitro

The synthesis of novel 1,3-diaryl propenone derivatives and their antimalarial activity in vitro against asexual blood stages of human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, are described. Chalcone derivatives were prepared via Claisen–Schmidt condensation of substituted aldehydes with substituted methyl ketones. Antiplasmodial IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) activity of these compounds ranged between 1.5 and 12.3 μg/ml. The chloro-series, 1,2,4-triazole substituted chalcone was found to be the most effective in inhibiting the growth of P. falciparum in vitro while pyrrole and benzotriazole substituted chalcones showed relatively less inhibitory activity. This is the first report on antiplasmodial activity of chalcones with azoles on acetophenone ring.

Graphical abstractTwo step synthesis protocol was used to prepare chalcones. Chloro-series, 1,2,4-triazole substituted chalcone was found to be the most effective in inhibiting Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide