“Function-First” Lead Discovery: Mode of Action Profiling of Natural Product Libraries Using Image-Based Screening

SummaryCytological profiling is a high-content image-based screening technology that provides insight into the mode of action (MOA) for test compounds by directly measuring hundreds of phenotypic cellular features. We have extended this recently reported technology to the mechanistic characterization of unknown natural products libraries for the direct prediction of compound MOAs at the primary screening stage. By analyzing a training set of commercial compounds of known mechanism and comparing these profiles to those obtained from natural product library members, we have successfully annotated extracts based on MOA, dereplicated known compounds based on biological similarity to the training set, and identified and predicted the MOA of a unique family of iron siderophores. Coupled with traditional analytical techniques, cytological profiling provides an avenue for the creation of “function-first” approaches to natural products discovery.

Graphical AbstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (217 K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Application of high-content, image-based screening to natural product discovery ► Mode of action prediction for natural product libraries using cytological profiles ► Dereplication of natural products based on biological function ► Discovery of a unique family of iron siderophores and prediction of their mode of action