Inhibition of enterovirus 71 infections and viral IRES activity by Fructus gardeniae and geniposide

Fructus gardeniae has long been used by traditional Chinese medical practitioners for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-hyperlipidemic characteristics. Here we describe our finding that F. gardeniae greatly reduces anti-enterovirus 71 (EV71) activity, resulting in significant decreases in EV71 virus yields, EV71 infections, and internal ribosome entry site activity. We also found that geniposide, a primary F. gardeniae component, inhibited both EV71 replication and viral IRES activity. Our data suggest the presence of a mechanism that blocks viral protein translation. According to our findings, F. gardeniae and geniposide deserve a closer look as potential chemopreventive agents against EV71 infections.

Graphical abstractAnti-enterovirus 71 effect of the chemical components of Fructus gardeniae against virus infection, CPE reduction, and virus replication.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► F. gardeniae significantly reduced EV71 virus yields. ► Geniposide inhibited EV71 replication and viral IRES activity. ► Geniposide exerted an anti-EV71 effect by blocking viral protein translation.