The synthesis of multilayer graphene materials by the fluorination of carbon nanodiscs/nanocones

Multilayer carbonaceous nanomaterial has been synthesized using a two-step process: carbon nanodiscs/nanocones were fluorinated using either the direct reaction with pure F2 gas or the thermal decomposition of solid fluorinating agent (TbF4). Then the fluorinated parts were removed by treatment at 600 °C in air. When the fluorine atoms are homogenously dispersed, using fluorination by TbF4, thinning due to thermal defluorination results in multilayer materials with 7–10 nm of thickness and 400–500 nm of width. Such resulting materials and the fluorinated precursors have been characterized by solid state NMR, TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM and Raman spectroscopy.