Thixotropic property in pharmaceutical formulations

This review focuses on the characterization of the thixotropic property, the factors affecting the thixotropic property and its pharmaceutical applications. These factors include pH, temperature, polymer concentrations, polymer modification, polymer combinations, and addition of cations or excipients. The relationships between the rheological properties of thixotropic formulations, and their effects on the controlled drug delivery through various routes including oral, topical, ophthalmic, dental and mucosal administration and pharmacological efficacies were also discussed. The comprehensive analysis of rheological and mechanical properties will provide an insight into the potential usage of thixotropic formulations as drug delivery systems.

Graphical abstractThixotropy profiles in pseudo plastic, plastic and dilatant systems (shear rate vs. shear stress) were compared and characterized. Applications of thixotropy profiles to pharmaceutical formulations were discussed.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide