| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1427710 | Journal of Controlled Release | 2006 | 8 Pages |
Systemic transient depletion of monocytes and macrophages by liposome-encapsulated bisphosphonates (BPs), reduces neointimal formation in experimental restenosis. The aim of this study was to examine the antirestenotic effect of a polymeric nanoparticulate formulation containing the BP alendronate (ALN). The BP was successfully formulated in polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles (NP). ALN NP with negative charge, size of 223 ± 64 nm, and high entrapment efficiency (55.1%) have been formulated. ALN NP exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect, in a dose–response relationship, on macrophage-like RAW264 cells in cell culture. Subcutaneously (SC) administrated ALN NP (1.5 mg/kg on days − 1 and + 6) resulted in a significant attenuation of neointima to media ratio (N/M) by 52.7% and stenosis by 39.7% 28 days after balloon injury in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit model. Moreover, a good correlation was found between macrophage abundance in the injured arteries and the extent of stenosis. ALN NP treatment resulted in the reduction of both interleukin-1β and matrix metalloproteinases (2 and 9). It is concluded that a particulated dosage form of polymeric NP loaded with ALN reduce neointimal formation in vivo by systemic transient depletion of monocytes.
