Nonlinear optical properties of (1−x) CaFe2O4–xBaTiO3 composites

In this paper, we report nonlinear optical properties of a composite nanostructure with the general formula (1−x) CaFe2O4–(x) BaTiO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1) prepared by sol–gel and conventional solid-state reaction methods. Structural properties and chemical compositions of the samples were characterized using XRD and HRTEM. Basic optical constants, band gap energy and linear absorption coefficient were calculated through optical absorbance measurements. The nonlinear optical properties were investigated using the single-beam open aperture Z-scan technique. The obtained nonlinearity fits to Two-photon absorption process and all samples display high nonlinear absorption effect. The incorporation of BaTiO3 into CaFe2O4 systems show a significant improvement in the nonlinear optical properties. These composite that exhibit efficient optical limiting can have potential applications in photonic devices.