Structure and properties of plasma sprayed BaTiO3 coatings

Plasma spraying enables to create layers with thickness in a millimeter range adhering on various substrates. This paper provides a study of electric and mechanical properties of BaTiO3 coatings prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. The spraying was carried out by a direct current gas-stabilized plasma gun. BaTiO3 was fed into the plasma jet as a feedstock powder prepared by a reactive sintering of micrometer-sized powders of BaCO3 and TiO2. Microstructure and phase composition are reported and discussed in connection with electric and mechanical properties. The ability of the used techniques to detect precisely the phase transformation temperatures of BaTiO3 plasma sprayed coatings is discussed as well. A depth-sensing indentation measurement was done between 290 and 520 K to provide local mechanical characterization. The elastic modulus has shown slightly higher values than that reported typically in papers focused on BaTiO3 ferroelectric thin films. The average Vickers microhardness is tested to characterize the samples in larger scale. A wear resistance in a slurry environment is reported as well. Dielectric properties are reported for the temperature window of existence of the tetragonal ferroelectric phase. Relative permittivity and loss factor are studied at frequency from 50 Hz to 1 MHz and temperature from 260 to 400 K.