An experimental study of the planetary ball milling effect on dispersibility and thermal conductivity of MWCNTs-based aqueous nanofluids

The present study conducted two different structures, namely raw and acid oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were ground under wet condition at various rotation speeds (300–600 rpm). The ground MWCNTs were dispersed in aqueous solution by ultrasonication was investigated. The particle size analyzer reveals the agglomerated size of raw MWCNTs ground at a rotation speed of 300 rpm was 69.2 μm. Nevertheless, the agglomerated size of particle significantly decreased to 13.2 μm after grinding at a rotation speed of 600 rpm. The maximum absorbance (4.0 abs at a wavelength of 300 nm) and highest thermal conductivity enhancement (18.12% at 40 °C) of suspensions correspond to the grinding speed of 600 rpm assisted by ultrasonication dispersion of the purified and raw structures, respectively. It is found that the grinding method with high rotation speed plays can be significantly increased both the dispersibility and thermal conductivity of raw and purified MWCNTs nanofluids.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Acid oxidation process was applied on raw MWCNT to remove the impurities. ► Raw and purified structure of MWCNTs were investigated and characterized. ► Wet grinding method is effective method to adjust the length of nanotubes. ► Dispersibility and thermal conductivity of nanofluid was increased with increasing the grinding speed. ► Highest thermal conductivity enhancement was achieved 18.12% at 0.1 wt %.