| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1498433 | Scripta Materialia | 2014 | 4 Pages |
Abstract
Giant bipolar and unipolar strains i.e. Smax > 0.5%, εmax/Emax > 1000 pm V–1 have been observed in Mn-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–6BaTiO3 single crystals after being annealed. Temperature-dependent impedance spectra were studied and activation energies of oxygen vacancies were calculated accordingly. The two different binding energies present in X-ray photoelectron spectra for Na and Bi were assigned to different coordinate environments. However, titanium exhibits only one oxidation state (e.g. Ti4+). The site occupation and valence fluctuation of Mn were characterized by electric paramagnetic resonance spectra.
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Authors
Haiwu Zhang, Hao Deng, Chao Chen, Long Li, Di Lin, Xiaobing Li, Xiangyong Zhao, Haosu Luo, Jun Yan,