Structural, microstructural and Mössbauer study of BiFeO3 synthesized at low temperature by a microwave-hydrothermal method

Multiferroic BiFeO3 has been rapidly synthesized by a microwave – hydrothermal method using nitrates as the metallic source. Structural characterization was performed by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Generally accepted trigonal space group R3c, as well as recently suggested monoclinic symmetries, were assayed in the search for the best fit. Due to the ambiguity of the Rietveld refinement to distinguish between crystal systems, a micro-diffraction and HRTEM study has been performed. The best solution was obtained with the trigonal model. The room-temperature Mössbauer spectra reveal the presence of a small fraction (2%) of iron in low spin configuration.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Rapid, low-T microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of very pure multiferroic BiFeO3. ► Structural (Rietveld) and microstructural (HREM, SAED) study of this metastable phase. ► Mössbauer spectroscopy unveals 2% Fe2+ low spin and a magnetic spiral phase.