From Droplets to Process: Multilevel Research Approach to Reduce Emissions from LNG Processes

In the Enabling Low-Emission LNG Systems project, SINTEF Energy Research and NTNU have since 2009 been developing knowledge and tools with the aim to enable environmental safe, cost-effective, and energy efficient LNG processes. The project has employed a multilevel approach, where studies of fundamental phenomena, component modeling, and process optimization have been performed in parallel. Detailed models for two-phase flow in heat exchangers (HXs) have been developed, and falling films and droplet behavior relevant for LNG HXs have been studied experimentally. Further, the project work has generated robust and accurate HX models that can describe instabilities and include geometrical considerations. Finally, the project has improved the basis for optimization of LNG process through investigating of optimization tools and careful analysis and formulation of the optimization problem.