Dual negative refraction in a two dimension square photonic crystal

Dual refraction effect based on the overlapping bands in a two dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PhC) is demonstrated. The PhC consists of alumina rods with a dielectric constant ε=8.9, arranged in a square lattice in air. To disperse light which has special excitation frequency and a specific incident angle, by this PhC we optimize his structural parameters such as the radius of dielectric rods). It is shown that two focusing phenomena are formed in the PhC image plan; the degeneracy of modes can be applied to realize optical interference and wave front division. The simulation results are obtained by employing the PWM for analyzing bands structure and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) to predict the evolution of the electric fields.