Simultaneous prescaled and frequency-doubled clock recovery using an injection-locked optoelectronic oscillator

A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator (FD-OEO) using tandem Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) biased at the peak transmission point is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Multifunctional operations of nearly chirp-free frequency-doubled optical clock (FD-OC) recovery, low-duty-cycle prescaled OC recovery and error-free fourfold demultiplexing of a 100-Gb/s optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) signal are achieved simultaneously with the proposed FD-OEO composed of low-frequency devices. As an intrinsic property, prescaled electrical clock (EC) with 167.15-fs root-mean-square (RMS) timing jitter is extracted.