An efficient protocol for the private comparison of equal information based on the triplet entangled state and single-particle measurement

The central theme of this paper is that we propose an efficient protocol for comparing the equal information with the help of a third party (TP). We assume that TP is semi-honest, i.e., TP executes the protocol loyally, keeps a record of all its intermediate computations and might try to steal the players’ private inputs from the record, but he cannot be corrupted by the adversary. The security of this protocol with respect to various kinds of attacks is discussed. Our protocol utilizes the triplet entangled states and the simple single-particle measurement. The particles carried the secret messages do not be repeatedly transmitted. The players’ messages are divided into many groups. Sometimes, the protocol is already successfully completed, but all data are not compared. Thus, many time and huge quantum resources can be saved.