Coherent trapping of a three-level atom in a circularly polarized light

Using semiclassical theory, we study coherent trapping of a three-level atom, where the atom possesses a momentum of its center-of-mass motion and is irradiated only by a classical circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. We find that if the atom is initially in a coherent trapping state of it, under the zero- or first-order approximation, the atom is absolutely or nearly in the state hereafter.