Creep and creep fracture of 2.25Cr–1.6W steels (Grade 23)

The creep and creep rupture properties of Grade 23 (2.25Cr–1.6W) steels have been analysed for material produced in pipe (P23) and tube (T23) forms. The similarities and differences in the behaviour patterns observed for the pipe and tube products are then discussed in terms of the dislocation processes governing creep strain accumulation and the various damage phenomena causing the onset of tertiary creep and eventual fracture. Finally, the stresses causing failure of these materials in 100,000 h at different temperatures are estimated to provide design data for construction of future power plant.