Electronic structure of Mn in (Zn, Mn)O probed by resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy

The electronic structure of Mn in (Zn, Mn)O with different Mn concentrations has been investigated using resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES). The Mn L2,3 RXES spectra reveal different spectral features depending on the resonant excitation energies and Mn concentrations. The surface dd excitations at about −1.9 eV of energy loss are identified in the highest Mn-doped sample. The comparison of integral intensity ratio of Mn L2 to L3 emission lines for these samples suggests that ferromagnetic samples have a large amount of free charge carriers, which are under consideration for the origin of ferromagnetism, with respect to antiferromagnetic ones.