Microstructure and magnetic properties of NdFeB magnet prepared by spark plasma sintering

Nd15Dy1.2FebalAl0.8B6 magnet was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Sintering between 810 and 830 °C and consequent tempering result in relatively high magnetic properties and sintering density, which are comparable to the conventionally sintered ones. Further increase of sintering temperature gains a slight increase in sintering density and decrease in magnetic properties. Grain size of NdFeB prepared by SPS is fine and uniform, which is much smaller than that of conventionally sintered ones. Continuous thin film of the Nd-rich phase is formed along the grain boundary and the density of magnet is increased through tempering, which is the main reason for improving the magnetic properties. Furthermore, TEM observations indicate a conversion of crystal structure of the Nd-rich phase at triple junction site after tempering.