A simple approach for the synthesis of bifunctional Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ core–shell nanocomposites

Bifunctional magnetic-luminescent Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles with core–shell structures have been successfully fabricated using a simple, green, and efficient hydrothermal method. These materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The results showed that the spinel of the Fe3O4 cores was uniformly coated with Gd2O3:Eu3+ layers. The inner Fe3O4 cores and the outer Gd2O3:Eu3+ layers yielded composites that combine magnetic-responsive and luminescent properties, thus, nanoparticles of the composite may find potential applications in drug targeting, bioseparation, and diagnostic analysis.

Graphical abstractThe TEM images reveal that Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles have a particle size ranging from 175 nm to 300 nm and keep the spherical morphology, core–shell structures, non-aggregation and rough surface. The results revealed that the Gd2O3:Eu3+ phosphor layer uniformly deposited on Fe3O4 nanoparticles and thicknesses of Gd2O3:Eu3+ are 20–30 nm. The selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) reveals the polycrystalline feature of the as-prepared product.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Bifunctional magnetic-luminescent Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles with core–shell structures have been successfully fabricated by a facile, green, and efficient hydrothermal method. ► Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ composites have robust magnetic responsive properties and strong luminescent properties. ► Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles have great potential applications in drug targeting, bioseparation and diagnostic analysis.