The influences of calcining processes on the sintering and dielectric characteristics of (1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBaTiO3 ceramics

In this study, two different processes are used to prepare the calcined (1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (NBT)–xBaTiO3 (BT3) powders, where x = 0.03, 0.05, and 0.07. The first process, (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 composition is calcined at 850 °C and BaTiO3 composition is calcined at 1000 °C, respectively, then the calcined (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 and BaTiO3 powders are mixed according to the compositions of (1 − x)NBT–xBT3. The second process, raw materials are mixed to form the compositions of (1 − x)NBT–xBT3, and then the mixed powders are calcined at 900 °C. The influences of calcining processes and compositions on the sintering and dielectric characteristics of (1 − x)NBT–xBT3 ceramics are developed. We have found that the dielectric constant–temperature curves of (1 − x)NBT–xBT3 ceramics are almost unchanged as the measured frequencies increase from 10 kHz to 1 MHz. For that, the dielectric characteristics of (1 − x)NBT–xBT3 ceramics are further measured from 10 kHz to 100 MHz.