FE-based coupling simulation of Ti60 alloy in isothermal upsetting process

A constitutive equation was proposed to describe the effect of grain size on the deformation behavior. And a coupling simulation of deformation with heat transfer and microstructure was carried out in isothermal upsetting process of Ti60 alloy. The effects of processing parameters on the equivalent strain, the equivalent stress, the temperature rise and the grain size distribution in isothermal upsetting process of Ti60 alloy were analyzed. It is concluded that the uniformity of equivalent strain and equivalent stress increases with the increase of deformation temperature. However, the temperature rise and the grain size decreases with the increase of deformation temperature. The non-uniformity of equivalent strain, equivalent stress, temperature field and grain size increases with the increase of height reduction. And the calculated grain size using simulation is in good agreement with the experimental one.