| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1641286 | Materials Letters | 2016 | 4 Pages |
•The high toughness has been achieved by the combinations of microstructure refinement and austenite.•Nearly full fine ferrite microstructure and fine ferrite plus austenite dual phase microstructure have been obtained.•The orientation relationship between ferrite and austenite was analyzed.
Nearly full fine ferrite microstructure (d=2.7±0.5 µm) and fine ferrite (d=2.4±0.3 µm) plus ~8.9% retained austenite with relatively good stability were produced. The upper shelf energy increases by ~30 J and the CVN impact energy increases by ~60 J at −100 °C by introducing ~8.9% retained austenite. The high toughness (263 J at −40 °C and 191 J at −100 °C) has been achieved by grain refinement and retained austenite.
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