Layer-by-Layer nanostructured assemblies for the fire protection of fabrics

This paper discusses the recent findings on the use of the Layer-by-Layer technique for the surface nanostructuration of different fabrics in order to achieve flame retardant features. For this purpose, the almost unlimited choice of Layer-by-Layer constituents (nanoparticles and organic/polymer layers) and the broad tuning of deposition parameters can be successfully exploited. First, a general description of the proposed approach and of the structure of inorganic or hybrid organic-inorganic nanoassemblies, able to confer flame retardancy properties to both synthetic and natural fabrics, will be presented. Then the recent evolution of the coating composition toward the design of sustainable bio-based Layer-by-Layer nanoarchitectures will be also considered. Finally, some possible solutions for overcoming the current limitations of the proposed approach will be summarized.