Time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of phase evolution including liquid phase and grain structure during solidification process in stainless steel welds

The solidification process in stainless steel welds was analyzed using a time-resolved X-ray diffraction technique. By using an undulator beam and a novel X-ray detector, not only the phase evolution during the solidification process but also the grain structure and liquid reduction during the solidification process were analyzed in the reciprocal lattice space. Furthermore, to estimate the temperature that stimulates stray grain formation, the temperature profile at the centerline of a weld bead was measured by using a radiation thermometer with immersion-type optical fiber.

► The grain structure during solidification process was analyzed in situ. ► The temperature that stimulates stray grain formation is estimated as 59 °C. ► The liquid reduction during the solidification process was observed in situ.